I receive from the public and Costel Antonescu:
Roma Romanians are not
In Italy
Gypsies in Italy, as elsewhere in the world represent a diverse community, with its myriad shades and a thousand words. Thousand are also year history of the Gypsies essentially divided into three main groups:
Roma, Sinti and Kale (Gypsies in the Iberian Peninsula). These groups are connected with many major groups and subgroups, similar and different, each with its own peculiarities. They have a common origin
North India and a common language, Romani or Roman hib divided into several dialects. The public opinion of Roma and Sinti who know little or nothing, it tends to confuse and to standardize the various gypsy groups, especially tends to marginalize and condemn without understanding. The Gypsy population in Italy is about 0.16% of the entire national population being estimated at a number of people between the 80,000 e le 110.000 unita. Sono presenti solo Sinti e Rom con i loro sottogruppi. I Sinti sono soprattutto insediati nel nord dell'Italia e i Rom nell'Italia centro-meridionale. Essi rappresentano gli zingari di antico insediamento a cui hanno aggiunti vari gruppi zingari di recente e di recentissima immigrazione. Circa 1'80% degli zingari che vivono nel nostro Paese hanno la cittadinanza italiana, il 20% circa e rappresentato da zingari extracomunitari, soprattutto provenienti dai territori della ex-Jugoslavia. Circa il 75% e di religione cattolica, il 20% di religione musulmana e il 5% raggruppa: ortodossi, testimoni di Geova e pentecostali.
L'arrivo in Italia
L'origine indiana degli zingari si è scoperta nel XVIII secolo attraverso lo studio della lingua zingara. Con lo studio filologico si è potuto ricostruire ipoteticamente l'itinerario seguito dagli zingari nel loro lungo cammino in quanto essi prendevano a prestito parole dai popoli con cui venivano a contatto. Dall'India del nord sono arrivati in Europa attraverso la Persia, l'Armenia e l'Impero Bizantino. Dai Balcani si sono diramati in tutta Europa, arrivando anche in Russia e, con le deportazioni, nelle Americhe e in Australia. Sono molti gli studiosi che credono che i Rom abruzzesi, fra i primi gruppi zingari arrivati in Italia, siano arrivati attraverso l'Adriatico provenienti dalle coste albanesi e greche, probabilmente per sfuggire alla repressione dei turchi ottomani. A sostegno di tale tesi si e fatto riferimento all'assenza in the parlance of the Roma in terms of Abruzzo Germans and Slavs. But one might object: the Ottoman Turks conquered the whole of Greece and Albania today between 1451 and 1520 (L. Piasere), while the Roma arrived in Italy long before (the first document recording the arrival of gypsies and of 1422 but there are many clues that lead us to believe that the Roma arrived even earlier), Abruzzi Roma have in their spoken German words is as thio, Glas, Breg (German Antioch = table glas = glass, berg = mountain) both terms as Croatian Serbs plaxtà = sheets (sc phahta), NIOT = anything (sc NIST), Otar = to catch, grasp (you were sc), Nikto (Nikki) = none (Sc Nikto) to pukav. = Spy, report (sc bukati), po (pro) = for (sc bit), and, because the Roma with their caravans would have to travel by sea, in their awkward, unusual at the time and threatened by Turks, that for centuries had been shown to move with confidence and speed to land? All this leads one to believe that the bulk of the Roma arrived in Italy Abruzzo from the north by land coming from Albania or Greece, crossing the former Yugoslavia and the German-speaking territories. It is possible that small groups actually have arrived in Italy across the Adriatic along with other minorities such as Croats, Serbs and Albanians. Everything is still yet to try. From this brief introduction one can well understand how difficult it is to reconstruct the history of the Roma is available because the documents are few and incomplete, and because the Roma have left no written record. The history of the Roma is a story that comes from within his own community because they are a people without writing entrusting the "memory" and the oral tradition, the task of transmitting its own history and culture. The history of the Roma is made from Caggi (non gypsies) through observations of the Roma who were somehow affected by the curiosity and wonder that give rise to or through the provisions of public authorities. So from reading Chronicles of the fifteenth century can be briefly reconstruct the routes taken by the gypsies in Europe. The first document that signals the arrival of Gypsies in Italy is that of July 18, 1422, an anonymous Bolognese chronicle contained in Rerum Italicarum scriptores Ludovico Antonio Muratori: "A July 18, 1422 in Bologna was a duke of Egypt, the whose name was Andrea, and was with women, little boys and men of his country, and could be a hundred people ...... "From" crying "and calls that have followed from 1500 until 1700 you can deduct policies pursued by the authorities against the gypsies: policies of deportation, imprisonment, repression, deportation, or voted in the most comprehensive policies rifiuto. (Attualmente siamo nella fase della politica di assimilazione).
I Rom abruzzesi
I Rom abruzzesi, con cittadinanza italiana, rappresentano dunque uno dei primissimi gruppi zingari arrivati in Italia e grazie alla lunga permanenza sono relativamente più inseriti nel contesto sociale ed economico della società maggioritaria rispetto ad altri gruppi di recente immigrazione. In passato le attività principalmente esercitate erano quelle che lasciavano spazio all'essere e alla creatività e quelle che facilitavano i rapporti umani. Da qui l'attività di musicisti, di fabbri calderari, di commercianti di cavalli, di lavoratori di metalli. Il progresso tecnologico, il boom economico, lo sviluppo delle attività have supplanted the traditional industrial activities and the majority of the Roma had to make an economic conversion, but the way of facing life and internalize the social structure and especially the Roma for centuries and remained almost unchanged. The fundamental institution upon which society holds the Romani language and the family, understood in its broadest sense, ie as a group that is recognized in the descent from a common ancestor. Always been the subject of violence the Roma have strengthened relations and ties of family solidarity endogamous, while maintaining a hostile attitude towards the outside. There is this deep sense of mistrust and a deep need for defense. The social system and lived in the deep parts human, essentially based on strict compliance with ethical and moral standards that regulate and govern the Romani community to ensure the full integration of individuals. They protect the dignity and honor of the Roma there are no classes or social hierarchies simplistic if we exclude the rich and poor, so that even the richest and the poorest in connection with, and vice versa according to a principle of equality that reflects a horizontal perspective of life. In this context, the Abruzzi Roma feel part of a singular whole that makes him stand out is the one fall (non-Gypsies) and other Gypsy groups (foreign Roma, Sinti, Kale). this translates into a lifestyle with its own ways to express themselves and behave. Some rules are binding, for example: the Romni Abruzzo and absolutely no ethics Romany allowed to smoke, to wear pants, makeup, wear swimsuits at the beach, to gamble. Women who want to have a good reputation and strive to be respected by the Roma to adapt to comply with these moral norms, which confuses them with others. A Roma feel perfectly safe in the bosom of his community, made up of many individual groups from all parentelari where there is neither king nor queen as it tends to make people believe the sensationalism journalism covering with the fantasy and the imagination of its shortcomings informative. In the Roman world is therefore presented in terms or in terms of criminalizing or mythological, one or the other form of distortions are affecting the Gypsy world, producing negative stereotypes and prejudices that the Roma are victims. The safety of the Roma comes from the tradition which places it in front of the safe future of the cohesion, placing it safely before the unpredictable. This results in a strong emotional balance. The tight relationship between education, cohesion and psychological wellbeing are threatened with conflicting external contacts. Think of a Roma child who attends public school: to come into contact with a reality that presents models of the functional life of the majority society in which it is difficult for him to fit, the inevitably causes a loss because it is forced to make a difficult choice but in most cases leads him to retrace the path of family affection, as an adult show a hostile attitude toward the company is not yet prepared to receive him except through assimilation. The same is true of mixed marriages in which the individual is outside to be a disturbing factor if it fails to integrate. The cornerstone of the social structure of the Roma and the patriarchal family, where the old, considered wise, it is recognized representative. There are Roma who are excluded because of their bad moral qualities, are considered "Gaval" and mocked and ridiculed. Frequent contacts inside del mondo romano hanno da sempre attivato una fitta rete di comunicazione interna che porta i Rom ad essere a1 corrente di ciò che accade a famiglie zingare anche molto distanti. I mass media rappresentano oggi, assieme alle organizzazioni tentacolari pseudo-zingare, la più grande minaccia all'esistenza dei Rom poiché infondono modelli di vita che allontanano i giovani dalla tradizione facendo allargare le maglie delle relazioni sociali e familiari, creando anche nuovi gusti e nuove esigenze che alterano l'etica romanès e che infondono nei Rom l'arrivismo e la necessità di possedere a tutti i costi il superfluo. Da qui le attività illecite. I Rom non preparati alla maniera dei caggé, cadono nel tranello. Cerchiamo ora di capire e di conoscere some fundamental aspects of culture and life of the Roma Abruzzo: language, legal system, the party (engagement and marriage), death.
Language
The language of the Roma Abruzzo called "Romani" or "Romany © hib" is closely related to the neo-Indian languages \u200b\u200band still faithfully a large number of words of Indian origin. The Romani language has been enriched by loans from Persian, Armenian, Greek, Croatian Serbs, some dialect words from Germany and Italy-central elements to witness the route followed by the Roma began the long road from the north-west India to the west .
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